Rectangular (square) Wave
Rectangular wave electroporators have become industry standard because of their ability to increase transfection efficiency while maintaining viability over older and less reliable exponential decay models. Users are given the full ability to adjust parameters for voltage (electric field), pulse width, pulse number, and interval between pulses in an easy to navigate menu system.
PulseAgile Protocol
The Cyto Pulse Sciences patented PulseAgile protocol series takes the concept of square wave electroporation one step further: users are given the choice to create multiple protocols with different parameters, called groups, that are run in direct succession of one another. This is generally used to deliver a series of high voltage and short duration pulses first permeabilizing the cell membrane, followed by a series of low voltage and long duration pulses to continue delivery of the transfectant by electrophoresis.
The ultimate goal of creating these types of protocols is to deliver similar transfection efficiencies while retaining an even higher viability than standard four-parameter waves. In particular, published in-vivo applications have repeatedly been found to substantially improve delivery in addition to some ex-vivo applications.
System Monitoring
There is no mystery to what’s inside the box when all necessary information can be accessed from the outside EIncluded as standard features are one each of voltage and current monitors ready to attach with an external oscilloscope in order to view real-time pulsing conditions. Using these connections is a true safeguard to know exactly how the applied waveform reflects the programmed waveform, so you never again have to wonder if your protocol ran as intended.
Furthermore, an output load estimate is provided after every run to assist in understanding how ionic the pulsing conditions were. This can be extremely valuable when debugging unexpected results due to incorrect sample washing for ex-vivo cuvette applications or proper electrode insertion for in-vivo applications. Information relevant to each executed protocol may be saved as a log file, including actual voltage levels of all pulses. Note: Estimated load is not available with the PA-101, PA-301, or PA-96W options.
Fault Detection
All Cyto Pulse Sciences equipment is designed to withstand extreme user conditions. In the event of a fault, advanced control circuitry immediately detects the source of any problem and proceeds to halt the system to prevent permanent damage. The safety of Cyto Pulse customers is our number one priority.
- Electrode Interlock – improperly attached cuvettes or electrodes will cause the protocol start function to be disabled until correctedExternal Fault – extremely low output load arcs will cause high voltage to be turned off and a fault screen to be displayed
- Internal Fault – damaged internal system components will cause high voltage to be turned off and fault screen to be displayed
|
